Presentation of the country's main government and sports institutions

• Ministry of Youth and Sport of Türkiye
• Ministry of Internal Affairs of Türkiye
• General Directorate of Security (affiliated with the Ministry of Internal Affairs)
• Ministry of Justice of Türkiye
• Turkish Football Federation
• National Sports Safety and Security Committee: N/A

Independent sports safety bodies

Provincial and sub-provincial sports safety committees are authorised bodies responsible for the safety licensing and inspection of sports facilities; they carry out these tasks and procedures through forms designated as the “Sports Facility Safety Certificate,” which cover specific subject areas.

Legal basis:

• Law No. 6222 on the Prevention of Violence and Disorder in Sports, dated March 31, 2011
• Regulation on the Implementation of the Law on the Prevention of Violence and Disorder in Sports

Main sports in the country

• Football
• Basketball
• Volleyball     
• Chess
• Taekwondo

National Olympic Committee

• Turkish National Olympic Committee
• Turkish National Paralympic Committee

Main sports federations and leagues

• Turkish Football Federation: TFF Super League
• Turkish Basketball Federation: Turkish Basketball Super League
• Turkish Volleyball Federation: Turkish Sultans League (Women’s Volleyball); Turkish Efeler League (Men’s Volleyball)
• Turkish Handball Federation: Turkish Men’s Handball Super League

National football authorities

• Turkish Football Federation: Turkish Football Federation does not carry out activities under the Ministry of Youth and Sports unlike the other sports federations and is an autonomous federation. Even the Federation’s and Ministry’s Arbitration Boards are independent from each other.

Relevant good practices in the S4 domain

• Best practices in the S4 sector of Türkiye are centered around smart stadium technologies, digital ticketing systems, and accessibility solutions developed under the leadership of major clubs; these are evolving into a framework which addresses safety, security, service, and the fan experience through a holistic approach.
  • As part of smart stadium technologies, the 5G-based haptic robotic seat used at Fenerbahçe Stadium converts the movement of the ball and critical moments during the match into instant vibrations and physical sensations, enabling visually impaired fans to experience the match in real time. Similarly, Galatasaray Stadium is recognised as one of the leading examples of smart stadium applications in Türkiye, offering real-time data transmission, digital services, and accessibility solutions thanks to its 5G infrastructure.
  • In the areas of digital ticketing and security, e-ticket systems, turnstiles, and CCTV infrastructure are widely used in stadiums across Türkiye. Within this framework, the integrated security system implemented nationwide offers a proactive security approach that identifies risks in advance by utilising advanced monitoring technologies and a centralised control mechanism in accordance with European standards.
• In terms of accessibility and service, security, comfort, and the fan experience, they are addressed as a unified whole within sports facilities; a more inclusive environment is created through wayfinding systems, fan zones, and physical accessibility improvements. Additionally, initiatives such as deploying trained SLOs (Fan Representatives) to strengthen communication with fans and designating special areas for children and people with disabilities further support this holistic approach.

Last major sports events organised since 2000 and key elements of their legacy

• 2010 FIBA Men’s World Championship, 28 August – 12 September 2010, Ankara-İzmir-İstanbul-Kayseri, 500 participants from 24 countries
• Multi-Sport Event, 25^th World Winter Universiade 2011 Erzurum, 2500 participants from 52 countries
• Multi-Sport Event, 17^th Mediterranean Games 2013 Mersin, 5000 participants from 24 countries
• European Indoor Athletics Championship, March 2023 İstanbul
• 2023 UEFA Champions League Final, 9 June 2023 İstanbul
• 2026 UEFA European League Final 20 May 2026 İstanbul

Future major sports events organised and/or co-organised within the next 5 years

• 2027 Mediterranean Games
• 2028 Manisa European Universiade
• 2027 UEFA European Conference League Final 2 June 2027 Ankara or İstanbul
• European Games İstanbul 2027

The country's main sports competitions

• Annual Major Championships (Football/Basketball / Volleyball).
• Presidential Cycling Tour of Türkiye
• İstanbul Eurasia Marathon
• Cross-Continental Swimming Race

None

National legal framework on sports safety and security, including specific legal provisions on: 

List Of Main Laws And Regulations

1. Law No. 3289 on Youth and Sports Services
2. Law No. 7405 and dated 22.042022 on Sports Clubs and Sports Federations
3. Law No. 5894 and dated 05.052009 on the Establishment and Duties of the Turkish Football Federation,
4. Law No. 6222 on Preventing Violence and Disorder in Sports
5. Law No. 5188 and dated 10.06.2024 on Private Security Services regulates the rules and principles regarding the provision of the private security services which are complementary to the public security.
6. Presidential Decree No. 1 on the Organisation of Presidency (Articles 184 to 216 contains provisions regarding the duties and powers of the Ministry of Youth and Sports)
7. Regulation on the Private Physical Education and Sports Facilities
8. Regulation on the Implementation of the Law on Preventing Violence and Disorder in Sports
9. Sports Disciplinary Regulation
10. Regulation on the Registration of Sports Clubs and Sports Incorporated Companies
11. Sports Federations Regulation
12. Regulation on the Organisation of Youth and Sports Activities of the Directorate General of Youth and Sports.
13. 12) Regulation of the Directorate General of Sports on Free Entry to the Competition Venues
14. TFF Stadium and Safety Committee Instructions
15. Sports venues safety certificates

National / Local Coordination Bodies

• Federations,
• Ministry of Youth and Sports
• Provincial sports safety board (Sports safety boards established in each province)
• Sub-provincial sports safety (Sports safety boards established in the sub-provinces which have sports clubs)
• Central sports safety unit (Relevant unit established within the Directorate General for Security)
• Sports safety unit (Relevant unit established by the provincial and sub-provincial directorate of security or gendarmerie commands according to their area of responsibility)
• Supporter Associations
• Municipalities
• Media outlets
• Private security personnel
• Sports clubs
• Sports Incorporated Companies
• Governing Institutions (Sports clubs federations or sports clubs confederations)

Share of Safety and Security Responsibilities (Inside/Outside of Sports Venues)

• Provincial and Sub-provincial Sports Safety Boards, which have the primary responsibility regarding safety and security at sports venues, were established with the Article 4 of the Law No. 6222 and measures to be taken regarding the safety and order at the competition and spectating areas are regulated with the Article 5 of the same Law.
• Safety measures to be taken at the sports venues are regulated in a comprehensive manner with the Regulation on the Implementation of Law on Preventing Violence and Disorder in Sports. Furthermore, duties, powers and responsibilities of the provincial and sub-provincial sports safety boards, competition safety chief, sports safety unit, federations to which sports disciplines are affiliated, sports clubs, general law enforcement and private security personnel, supporter associations and other relevant persons and institutions and competition chiefs are determined within context of the share of safety and security responsibilities at sports venues.

Stewarding/ Private Security

• Security at sports facilities in Türkiye is primarily regulated under Law No. 5188 on Private Security Services and Law No. 6222 on the Prevention of Violence and Disorder in Sports. Law No. 5188 establishes the procedures and principles governing the provision of private security services, including at sports facilities; it defines the powers, responsibilities, and training requirements of private security personnel. In this context, private security personnel working in stadiums and sports venues perform duties which complement those of general law enforcement; they carry out critical functions such as entry and exit controls, body searches, the detection of prohibited items, and ensuring the safety of spectators.
• On the other hand, Law No. 6222 provides a more concrete framework for maintaining order in sports facilities and details measures aimed at preventing violence and disorder. Under this Law, security measures to be taken before, during, and after matches, the monitoring of fan behaviour, electronic ticketing systems, and spectator bans are regulated. In this context, the approach of stadium staff also gains significance; this approach reflects a more comprehensive understanding which encompasses not only security-focused duties but also spectator guidance, information provision, and service delivery.
• The joint application of both laws contributes to the development of an integrated management model covering the dimensions of safety, security, and service in sports facilities. In this context, coordinated collaboration between private security personnel and stadium staff is of vital importance for both risk prevention and enhancing the spectator experience. In Türkiye, particularly during large-scale sporting events, this holistic approach is increasingly being adopted and is evolving toward a structure aligned with international standards.

Sports Venues Safety Regulations, Licensing, Certification And Inspection

• The legislation ensuring the effective licensing, certification, and inspection of sports facilities includes the Law No. 3289 on the Youth and Sports Services, the Law No. 6222 on the Prevention of Violence and Disorder in Sports, and the Regulation on Private Physical Education and Sports Facilities, the Regulation on the Implementation of the Law on the Prevention of Violence and Disorder in Sports, the TFF Stadium and Security Committee Directive, and Sports Facility Security Certificates.
• The purpose of the Regulation on Private Physical Education and Sports Facilities is to develop and popularise Turkish sports, and increasing the number of athletes by effectively utilising all sports-related resources, and it authorises subsidiary regulations regarding the certification of such facilities by the relevant Federations, including the inspection of facility adequacy.
• Regarding Sports Venue Safety Certificates, Provincial and sub-provincial safety board established pursuant to Article 4 of Law No. 6222 on the Prevention of Violence and Disorder in Sports and Article 5 of the Regulation on the Implementation of the Law No. 6222, are authorised to inspect sports venues where professional football matches and top-tier league matches in basketball and volleyball are held annually prior to the start of the leagues; to evaluate the inspection results in terms of spectator safety and health; to decide on the suitability of admitting spectators to the relevant sports venue; and, if no deficiencies are identified, to approve the sports venue safety certificate; and, if deficiencies are identified, report these deficiencies to the sports federation and have the authority and responsibility to prohibit matches from being held at the sports venue until the deficiencies are resolved. Within this scope, the sports venue safety certificate to be issued, along with the notification and acknowledgment documents serving as the basis for this certificate and standard forms to be prepared for similar matters, are drafted by the Ministry of Youth and Sports after consulting with the relevant ministries and sports federations.
• The authority and responsibility for the administration of permits, licenses, and similar services related to sports facilities operated within the scope of the Ministry of Youth and Sports’ duties and authority, as well as the determination of standards and the inspection of these facilities, belong to the Directorate General of Sports Services pursuant to Article 189(ö) of Presidential Decree No. 1.

Sport-Related Hate Speech, Racism and other types of Discrimination

• Under Article 14 of Law No. 6222, efforts to combat threats, insults, and in particular discriminatory speech based on religion, language, race, ethnic origin, gender, or sect in sports facilities have been addressed with a more comprehensive approach in recent years. In this context, these efforts are not limited to the enforcement of criminal penalties; preventive mechanisms are also being strengthened, including awareness campaigns, fan education programs, the development of ethical and behavioral codes by clubs, and the identification of perpetrators through electronic ticketing and monitoring systems. Additionally, by strengthening cooperation among federations, public institutions, and civil society organisations, the goal is to promote a culture of inclusivity and respect within sports environments. These efforts aim to preserve the unifying power of sports and effectively prevent all forms of hate speech and discrimination, in line with the Council of Europe’s approach which comprehensively addresses the dimensions of safety, security, and service.
• In cases where chants, insults, or discriminatory actions constituting a crime under Article 14 of Law No. 6222 are identified, immediate intervention is carried out, and legal proceedings against the responsible parties are initiated without delay. In this context, law enforcement officers and private security personnel stationed at sports facilities collect video footage and recordings serving as evidence; the identities of perpetrators are identified through electronic ticketing systems. In this process, which is carried out without requiring a complaint, fines or imprisonment may be imposed depending on the nature of the offense, and measures such as bans on attending events may also be applied if deemed necessary. These measures aim to enhance deterrence in combating hate speech and discrimination at sports facilities and to ensure the protection of public order.

Pyrotechnics and other Forbidden Items

• In accordance with the Articles 12 and 13 of Law No. 6222, efforts to prevent the introduction of pyrotechnic products and other prohibited items into sports facilities are carried out using a multi-layered security approach. In this context, risk assessments are conducted prior to matches; physical security measures such as pat-downs, X-ray screening, and metal detector checks are implemented at stadium and venue entrances. Through coordination between private security personnel and law enforcement, the goal is to detect prohibited items and prevent them from being brought into the facilities. Additionally, the identities of individuals who violate these rules are identified through electronic ticketing systems and camera surveillance infrastructure; these individuals face legal and administrative penalties, as well as stadium entry bans.
• Efforts in this area are not limited to mere monitoring and enforcement; they are supported by awareness-raising activities, information campaigns, and educational programs conducted in collaboration with clubs and fan groups. Special emphasis is placed on the risks of fire, injury, and panic that pyrotechnic products may pose, with the goal of ensuring a safe and controlled environment at sports facilities. In this context, the international standards regarding the possession and use of pyrotechnic materials at football matches and other sporting events, as outlined in the Council of Europe’s T-S4 Recommendation (2025)2, are also taken into account; best practices are utilised to contribute to the development of national policies and practices. This approach serves to strengthen a comprehensive management philosophy that addresses safety, security, and service dimensions as an integrated whole.

Customer Service and Role of Supporters and Local Communities

• Consumer services and role of the supporter groups and local community are regulated by Article 8 and Article 9 of the Law No. 6222 titled respectively “Liabilities of the supporter associations” and “Club official responsible for supporters”. Accordingly, club officials responsible for supporters are liable to provide assistance to law enforcement and private security personnel in order to provide competition security.
• Regulation on the Implementation of the Law on Preventing Violence and Disorder in Sports identifies the tasks and responsibilities of the supporter associations and tasks and responsibilities of the club official responsible for supporters are identified with the Article 15 of the Regulation.
• Tasks and responsibilities of the municipalities as the center of local authority with regards to security and safety in sports are determined by the provisions of the Regulation on the Implementation of the Law on Preventing Violence and Disorder in Sports.

Social-Educational Preventative Measures / Projects

• Social and educational preventive measures and projects aimed at preventing violence, disorder, and discrimination in sports facilities are recognised as an important tool that complements the regulatory framework established by Law No. 6222. In this context, awareness campaigns targeting fans, educational programs for young people and fan groups, and social responsibility projects carried out in collaboration with schools and local communities highlight the inclusive and unifying values of sports. Thanks to joint efforts developed among clubs, federations, public institutions, and civil society organisations, awareness-raising activities targeting particularly at-risk groups are being increased; the aim is to prevent hate speech, racism, and violent behavior at an early stage. These projects align with the Council of Europe’s comprehensive approach, which addresses security, safety, and service dimensions together and aims to promote long-term behavioral change and support the development of a safer, more inclusive sports culture.

Alcohol/Drug Policy

• It is prohibited to bring narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances in competition venues, spectating, private spectating and training areas and vehicles through which teams and supporters travel collectively, according to the Article 12 of the Law No. 6222 titled “Prohibited objects”. Additionally, bringing, consuming and selling alcohol in competition venues and spectating and training areas is decided by the relevant federation. Law enforcement is responsible for hindering the entrance of the persons who are clearly under the effect of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances, according to the Regulation and municipalities are responsible for hindering the sale, consumption and distribution of the non-incriminating narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances and alcohol around the sports venue. Provincial directorate of sports, municipalities, directorates of security and sports clubs carry out tasks as stakeholders as part of their area of responsibility with regards to the narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances.

Specific Sport-Related Misbehaviours Typified as Crimes

• Article 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17/A of the Law No. 6222 titled respectively “Entrance in Sports Venues with prohibited objects and disruption of the competition order”, “Threatening and Insulting Chants”, “Illegal entrance of spectators in the competition venue and spectating areas”, “Entrance in forbidden areas” and “Aggravating circumstances of crime and deprivation of rights” include special sports-related illegal acts which set an example of criminal behaviors.

• Penalties such as imprisonment, punitive fines, ban from spectating and deprivation of rights are the result of the abovementioned prohibited behaviors. Additionally, imposing a penalty to a sports club or a member of a sports club does not remove relevant federation’s power of imposing sanctions.

Specific Sport-Related Misbehaviours Typified as Misdemeanours

• Article 21, 22 and 23 of the Law No. 6222 titled respectively “Fulfillment of the obligations”, “Statements which may lead to violence” and “Proceedings and procedural provision” include sports-related illegal acts which set an example of misdemeanors.
• If acts that constitute a misdemeanour are published by exceeding the limits of the right to inform and criticise, the real or legal persons operating the relevant press and media outlets shall also be subject to an administrative fine due to behaviour that constitutes a misdemeanour.

Exclusion Policy (Banning Orders / Exit Bans)

• Article 17/a and 18 of the Law No. 6222 titled respectively “Aggravating circumstances of crime and deprivation of rights” and “Ban from spectating” regulate the measures regarding the exclusion arrangements (ban orders / international travel ban)

• Furthermore, Central Sports Safety Unit has the task of notifying the relevant authorities abroad, where the competition is held, when necessary, before the organisation of the competition with regards to the information of the persons who are banned from spectating according to the Regulation. Besides, the Central Sports Security Unit creates an electronic data bank in order to register the information of the persons banned from spectating and allow Directorate General of Sports Services, Turkish Football Federation and sports safety units to access electronically in order for sports clubs and the relevant federations to access the information. Directorates of Security and Gendarmerie Commands submit the information of the persons banned from spectating to the Sports Safety Unit to be registered in the electronic data bank.
• The eleventh paragraph of the Article 11, titled “Match-fixing and Incentive Payments,” in the third section of Law No. 6222, titled “Prohibited Acts and Penal Provisions,” states: “In the event of a conviction for the offenses defined in this article, the person shall also be prohibited, in accordance with the provisions of Article 53 of the Turkish Penal Code, the person shall be prohibited from serving on the management and supervisory bodies of sports clubs, federations, and legal entities where sports activities are conducted.”
• Pursuant to Articles 17/A and 18 of Law No. 6222, sanctions such as stadium entry bans, removal from facilities, and suspension penalties are imposed as preventive and deterrent measures to maintain order in sports facilities and prevent violence and disorder. Article 17/A regulates the removal of individuals from sports facilities and the prohibition of their entry to matches for specific periods if they engage in acts of violence, threats, insults, possession of prohibited substances, or other disruptive behaviors during or before a match. In this context, clubs and security units identify perpetrators through electronic ticketing systems, camera recordings, and entry control mechanisms; administrative and legal proceedings are initiated against those identified. Thus, potential risks that may arise during sports events are prevented before they escalate, and public order is maintained.
• However, the legislation addresses sanctions and disciplinary measures from a broader perspective. Individuals found to have engaged in violence or disorderly conduct at sports events may face not only bans on attending specific matches but also long-term or permanent sanctions. These measures aim to encourage behavioral change in individuals while preventing the spread of negative behavior among fan groups. Furthermore, supported by awareness and education programs conducted in collaboration with clubs and local communities, these measures contribute to the creation of a safe, orderly, and service-oriented sports environment in line with the Council of Europe’s S4 approach (Safety, Security, Service).

Measures Taken / Envisaged by States to meet the Objectives of the Convention

• To achieve the objectives of the Convention, states are taking comprehensive and multifaceted measures to prevent negative behaviours such as violence, disorder, discrimination, and hate speech at sports facilities. In this context, both legal arrangements and practical measures are being implemented simultaneously. While enforcement measures - such as authorising private security personnel through legislation, controlling prohibited substances, imposing stadium entry bans, and enforcing sanctions - are being implemented; preventive mechanisms - including customer service, stadium staff, collaboration with local communities, and social-educational awareness projects - are also being put into effect. Additionally, the effectiveness of the measures taken is continuously evaluated through monitoring mechanisms and action plans. This approach ensures the balanced implementation of the security, safety, and service dimensions emphasised in the Council of Europe’s S4 (Security, Safety, Service) model, thereby contributing to the development of sports facilities as both safe and inclusive environments.
• In Türkiye, this process was carried out in November 2024 as part of the T-S4 monitoring visit to Türkiye, and Türkiye’s monitoring visit report was adopted by the Saint-Denis Committee. As a result of the visit, a national action plan was prepared to comprehensively address the dimensions of security, safety, and service in sports facilities; the plan’s implementation is being carried out within the framework of effective oversight mechanisms and coordination among relevant stakeholders.
• The action plan, prepared in line with the Council of Europe’s T-S4 approach, aims to create a safe, orderly, and inclusive environment at sporting events and to prevent negative behaviours such as violence, hate speech, and discrimination. The implementation and monitoring of the action plan are of vital importance for achieving the Convention’s objectives and ensuring compliance with international standards.

Existence of specific safety, security and/or service public policies

• As part of the T-S4’s Action Plan following the Monitoring Visit to Türkiye, it is planned to update the national strategy to enhance the effectiveness of safety, security, and service practices at sports facilities in Türkiye. This update process will be carried out within the framework of evaluating existing policies and practices, ensuring compliance with international standards, and taking into account new risks and evolving needs. Additionally, the action plan calls for the establishment of a national committee to ensure the implementation, monitoring, and coordination of the strategy. This committee will strengthen cooperation among federations, clubs, local authorities, security units, and civil society organisations, thereby ensuring both the widespread adoption of standardised practices at the national level and the effective implementation of the measures outlined in the action plan. This approach is consistent with the Council of Europe’s T-S4 approach and contributes to the creation of a safe, organised, and inclusive sports environment

Existence of a national strategy on safety, security and service

• The national strategy, which ensures the comprehensive management of security, safety, and service at sports facilities in Türkiye, provides a framework established under Law No. 6222 and related regulations and is continuously updated. This strategy encompasses risk management, the control of prohibited substances, the monitoring of spectator behavior, and intervention procedures for potential incidents during sports events; it strengthens coordination among private security companies, law enforcement agencies, clubs, federations, and local authorities. Additionally, this strategy - which includes preventive and service-oriented mechanisms such as customer service, stadium staff, communication with fans, and social-educational projects - aims to create a safe and inclusive environment in sports facilities.
• In this context, to enhance the effectiveness of the national strategy and adapt it to evolving needs, an update of the strategy is also planned as part of the action plan. The implementation of updates and the coordination of efforts will be carried out through the establishment of a national committee; thereby, practices at the national, regional, and local levels will form a coherent, sustainable, and effective security management system.

Existence of regional/ local strategies on safety, security and service

• In Türkiye, strategies related to security, public order, and services at the regional and local levels are primarily implemented through provincial and sub-provincial sports safety boards. Within the framework of Law No. 6222 and related regulations, these boards undertake the tasks of risk analysis, identifying preventive measures, and coordination to ensure that sports events are held in a safe environment. Before and during matches, entry and exit controls, inspections for prohibited items, and monitoring of spectator behavior are planned and carried out in collaboration with private security personnel and law enforcement units stationed at stadiums and sports venues.
• Regional committees also organise information and awareness campaigns in collaboration with local stakeholders and fan representatives. These efforts are carried out to safely guide spectators, balance spectator density, and prevent potential risks from escalating. Additionally, meetings and evaluations held at provincial and sub-provincial levels ensure that local needs and priorities are identified in alignment with national strategies, action plans are implemented, and the effectiveness of the measures taken is monitored. This approach contributes to the local implementation of a comprehensive sports management philosophy that balances the dimensions of safety, security, and service, in line with the Council of Europe’s T-S4 (Safety, Security, Service) model.

Major risks and trends on sport-related violence and disorder

• Spread of ratings-driven, provocative content through the media and social media, as well as digital polarisation, can heighten tensions among fan groups and lead to violence both inside and outside stadiums.
• Failure of club officials, athletes, and other relevant individuals to refrain from using provocative language, singling out referees and opponents, and framing matches as “battles” can negatively influence fan behavior and increase the tendency toward violence.
• Use of drugs and similar substances can weaken individuals’ ability to control themselves, leading to an increase in anger-based reactions and resulting in acts of violence.
• Failing to address security, safety, and service elements collectively and adopting a security-focused approach alone can heighten tension in the sports environment, thereby increasing the risk of violence.
• Demonisation of opponents within sports culture and extreme polarisation among fans can create a breeding ground for violence, leading to violent incidents.
• Preference for collective punishment over individual accountability may trigger violent incidents by reinforcing a sense of injustice among fans, thereby increasing collective reactions and tensions.

Last major incidents which seem relevant and enlightening on the need to adopt an integrated approach to safety, security and service

• Göztepe–Altay Derby (2022–23) – Göztepe–Altay derby, played in the Spor Toto 1. League during the 2022–2023 season, was postponed due to injuries caused by a firework thrown from the Altay stands toward Göztepe fans in the 19th minute of the match, as well as the resulting increased security risk. According to details of the incident, it was determined that the fireworks were brought into the stadium by the private ambulance drivers and left in the restrooms, after which they were taken by fans. Following this incident, the ambulance drivers and a total of 21 people were detained in connection with the incident.
• Trabzonspor–Fenerbahçe Violence Incident (March 2024) — Following the Trabzonspor–Fenerbahçe match in the Super League, some fans stormed the field and physically attacked Fenerbahçe players; security personnel intervened, but the chaos continued for some time, leading to fights between both players and fans. As a result of the incidents, 13 suspects were detained, legal proceedings were initiated, and 5 people were arrested.
• Ankaragücü – Çaykur Rizespor: Attack on the Referee (2023–24) – At the end of the Ankaragücü – Çaykur Rizespor Super League match played during the 2023–2024 season, a serious physical attack was carried out against referee Halil Umut Meler. Throughout the match, certain decisions were heavily debated by fans and teams, and tensions had reached a peak by the end of the game. During the attack, fans and some individuals on the field targeted the referee’s tunnel; during this time, the referee experienced severe panic and had to be safely escorted off the field. Following the incident, security forces intervened swiftly to subdue the attackers, and legal proceedings were initiated.
• Attack on Fenerbahçe Club President during the Göztepe-Fenerbahçe Match (2024-2025) – During a match between Göztepe and Fenerbahçe in the 2024-2025 TFF Super League season, a person who entered the field and physically attacked the Fenerbahçe club president was arrested.
• Beyond isolated incidents, while events such as the throwing of foreign objects onto the field and attacks on opposing team buses occasionally occur in Türkiye, these are generally brought under control without escalating into serious injuries or major security crises. Although such behavior demonstrates a potential for violence, it typically remains isolated and has a limited impact

Please provide a graph of the evolution of total incidents over the last 10 years
 

The number of matches subject to proceedings under Law No. 6222