The 1250 km² Pushcha in Belarus and Poland is the last remnant of the vast lowland mixed forest in Europe. BP presents a view on the fauna and processes of the original forests. Over 50% of the forest is in old growth (100 years and more) in natural conditions, with some trees of 600 years old. Following features characterise the BP: effective long-term nature conservation, high diversity and significance as a research site due to its location on the transition zone between West-European mixed hardwood and Eastern Taiga ecosystems.