The Council of Europe supported the Prison Health Department (PHD) of the Ministry of Health of Kosovo in piloting a structured Occupational Therapy (OT) programme marking an important step forward in advancing rehabilitation, mental health support, and evidence-based practice in the correctional system. This pilot is continuation of the efforts made in introducing OT in prisons and builds on several previous initiatives carried out with the local authorities, including the training of trainers, cascade trainings on occupational therapy and a study visits to Finland.

The piloting was carried out from August to October 2025 in Dubrava Prison, in a section which houses prisoners with both mental and somatic problems. Healthcare staff implemented daily therapeutic activities focused on improving cognitive abilities, physical functioning, and self-care skills, while receiving continuous coaching and monitoring support. This work also builds on earlier phases of practitioner training in OT.

Staff increased their confidence in delivering structured therapeutic interventions, improved the use of monitoring tools, and enhanced interdisciplinary cooperation between psychologists, nurses, and correctional staff. The experience also highlighted good practices, including relaxation techniques and group-based cognitive tasks, but also identified areas where further institutional support is needed, such as clearer scheduling, broader staff involvement, and additional equipment.

Over the course of the implementation, prisoners demonstrated meaningful progress. Post-intervention assessments showed improvements in memory, attention, physical coordination, and levels of independence in daily tasks. Participants also reported better emotional regulation, improved sleep, and higher overall well-being. Group activities proved especially effective in enhancing social interaction, motivation, and engagement, with many prisoners expressing a desire for such activities to become a regular part of their routine.

Feedback from prisoners and staff underscored the positive impact of the initiative and its potential for scale-up. The findings provide a strong foundation for future planning and the gradual integration of OT into correctional rehabilitation framework, helping to promote dignity, purpose, and better mental-health outcomes for persons deprived of liberty.

The activity was carried out under the Council of Europe project Improvement of the Treatment of Persons Deprived of Liberty, which continues to support local authorities in strengthening safeguards, rehabilitation, and healthcare services in line with European standards.

_{* All references to Kosovo, whether to the territory, institutions, or population, in this text shall be understood in full compliance with United National Security Council Resolution 1244 and without prejudice to the status of Kosovo.}