Back Victims of trafficking forced to commit crimes must be protected, not punished

Council of Europe anti-trafficking expert group GRETA joins ICAT’s call
Victims of trafficking forced to commit crimes must be protected, not punished

On the occasion of World Day against Trafficking in Persons, the Council of Europe Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings (GRETA) joins the call issued today by the Inter-Agency Coordination Group against Trafficking in Persons (ICAT) on States and relevant stakeholders to address the growing menace of trafficking in persons for the purpose of forced criminality.

According to the Global Report on Trafficking in Persons 2024, trafficking for forced criminality is the third most commonly detected form of trafficking in persons globally. GRETA’s latest annual report highlights that this form of trafficking is increasing in many State Parties to the Council of Europe Convention against Trafficking in Human Beings and requires urgent action to protect the victims from criminal groups that exploit their vulnerabilities and prevent their criminalisation.

"The non-punishment principle must be at the heart of the response. Enshrined in the Council of Europe Convention, this principle requires State Parties to provide for the possibility of not imposing penalties on trafficking victims for their involvement in unlawful activities, to the extent that they were compelled to do so," stated GRETA’s President Conny Rijken. "In this regard, GRETA welcomes the resolution on countering trafficking in persons for the purpose of forced criminality adopted last month at the United Nations, which calls upon states to adopt measures specifically addressing this form of trafficking and to ensure that victims are not prosecuted or punished for unlawful acts committed as a direct consequence of being trafficked”.

GRETA fully supports ICAT’s call, which reflects the recommendations made by GRETA during its evaluations of the Convention’s implementation by State Parties. These include strengthening prevention efforts; improving data collection and research; enhancing efforts to identify victims earlier in the process; and adopting legal provisions and guidance to guarantee the effective application of the non-punishment principle. Further, ICAT calls on States to strengthen intelligence-led and well-coordinated criminal justice responses to ensure the effective prosecution of traffickers.

***

The Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings (GRETA) is responsible for evaluating compliance with the Council of Europe Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings by the States Parties. It is the only independent group of experts to monitor the implementation of binding international legal provisions in this field. The Convention entered into force in 2008 and has been ratified by all 46 member States of the Council of Europe, as well as two non-member States, Belarus and Israel.

The Inter-Agency Coordination Group against Trafficking in Persons (ICAT) is a UN policy forum mandated by the General Assembly resolution 61/180 to improve coordination and cooperation among UN agencies and other relevant international organisations to facilitate a holistic and comprehensive approach to preventing and combating trafficking in persons, including protection and support for victims and survivors. Since 2018, the Council of Europe has been a partner of ICAT.

GRETA Strasbourg, France 30 July 2026
  • Diminuer la taille du texte
  • Augmenter la taille du texte
  • Imprimer la page

Roma Integration – Phase III is a Joint Project of the European Union and the Council of Europe. It aims to strengthen the capacity of governments in the Western Balkans and Türkiye to effectively address the multifaceted challenges faced by the Roma community through the implementation of comprehensive public policies. These policies encompass critical areas such as housing, employment, civil registration, as well as the green and digital transition.

The project will also assist the progressive implementation in the Western Balkans beneficiaries of the “EU Roma Strategic Framework for Equality, Inclusion and Participation 2020 - 2030”; the 2019 Declaration of Western Balkans partners on Roma integration within the EU enlargement process (Poznan Declaration) and subsequent commitments made by the governments at the annual ministerial meetings and endorsed within the Berlin Process Summits; and progress on fulfilment of Roma inclusion commitments taken under the negotiations Chapter 23. The project will also ensure that the necessary capacity is built at central level for the proper implementation, budgeting, monitoring, and reporting, the reinforcement of the co-operation with local authorities and the progressive alignment with all elements of the EU Roma inclusion policy.

The project will primarily focus on three areas of support:

  1. Mainstreaming of Roma issues in relevant public policies and the fight against antigypsyism;
  2. Support to Roma socio-economic integration and Roma equality in the areas of housing, education, employment, health, civil registration, and in the green and digital transition;
  3. The reinforcement of the institutional capacities of the governments to tackle challenges faced by Roma.

The specific outcomes aimed to be achieved through this project are as follows:

(1) Mainstreaming of Roma issues in relevant public policies and the fight against antigypsyism:

  • Antigypsyism is recognised and addressed through legislation, communication tools and institutions.
  • Institutional capacities of public servants are built on encountering antigypsyism.

(2) Socio-economic inclusion:

  • Employment of Roma is encouraged both in public and private sector including by piloted promising practices and through concrete measures to promote the formalisation of employment.
  • Legalization of informal settlements progresses in the Western Balkans and Türkiye is encouraged to be included among the priorities of the central-level governments in close collaboration with the civil society.
  • Civil registration is resolved for Roma in need through partnership with the governments, relevant local authorities, and civil society organisations.
  • Actions are mainstreamed into the Green Agenda Action Plan for the Western Balkans and the digital transformation agenda.

(3) Institutional capacities:

  • Policies and institutional arrangements dealing with Roma issues exist in the region.
  • Relevant monitoring, including in the national statistical offices, and reporting mechanisms are developed and properly functioning.
  • Budget for Roma planning and reporting is improved in the Western Balkans and Türkiye.
  • Regular regional co-operation ensured, and policies mainstreamed in socio-economic spheres, including regional high-priority issues and actions addressing the specific challenges of Roma.

The project will be implemented in seven Beneficiaries: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, Türkiye and Kosovo[1], with the duration of 3 years (1 May 2023- 30 April 2026) and is co-financed by the European Union and Council of Europe and implemented by the Roma and Travellers Team, Council of Europe.

This initiative represents a continuation of the preceding two phases implemented by the Regional Cooperation Council, co-funded by the European Union and Open Society Foundations. The aim of the Phase III of the project is to further advance the integration and empowerment of the Roma community by addressing critical issues they face.

The project is based on the Council of Europe's Human Rights Approach principles, focusing on participation and inclusion, equality and non-discrimination, accountability, transparency, and access to information.

 

[1]This designation is without prejudice to positions on status and is in line with UNSCR 1244/1999 and the ICJ Opinion on the Kosovo Declaration of Independence.

Contacts of the project team based in Strasbourg:

 Marina VASIC, Programme Supervisor

 Cristina MARIAN, Senior Project Officer

 Fanny Hoertz, Project Assistant

Contacts of the Project Officer for North Macedonia and for Montenegro:

 Mersiha USEIN, based in the Council of Europe Programme Office in Skopje

Contacts of the Project Officer for Serbia and for Bosnia and Herzegovina:

 Dragana JOVANOVIC ARIJAS,  based in the Council of Europe Office in Belgrade

Contacts of the Project Officer for Albania and for Kosovo [1]:

 Xhesika KORRA, based in the Council of Europe Office in Tirana

  Irena Ordev, Roma Integration Project Assistant, based in the Council of Europe Programme Office in Skopje