The Committee of Ministers Recommendation to member states on measures to combat discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity (CM/Rec(2010)5) sets out the principles deriving from existing European and international instruments and identifies specific measures to be adopted and effectively enforced by member states in order to combat SOGI-based discrimination in twelve thematic fields. The recommendation is the first international instrument dealing specifically with discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity and advocates the full enjoyment of all human rights by lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender persons. It establishes that discrimination and social exclusion on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity must be overcome by measures targeted both at those who experience such discrimination or exclusion, and the population at large.