The Council of Europe has created a death penalty free zone in its 46 member states. It has been more than a quarter of a century since the last execution in 1997. (read more)
Coordinator for the Abolition of the death penalty.
At the Reykjavik Summit, held on 16-17 May 2023, it was decided to strengthen the Council of Europe’s work on the abolition of death penalty (the Reykjavik Declaration recalls that “the Council of Europe has played a crucial role to ensure that Europe is a death penalty-free zone” and states that “it should pursue the fight against the reintroduction of the death penalty, and in favour of its universal abolition, in all places and in all circumstances”). The position of Coordinator for the Abolition of the death penalty has been created in order to implement this part of the summit declaration and the subsequent Committee of Ministers decisions, serve as a point of contact on the issue, and create synergies within the Council of Europe. Mr Sebastien Potaufeu has been appointed Coordinator for the Abolition of the death penalty.
European and World Day against the death penalty
The European and World Day against the Death Penalty is observed every 10 October. The day serves as reminder that despite the global trend towards the abolition, capital punishment still applies in may areas of the world. While all Council of Europe member states ceased to apply the death penalty, there is a rise in political proposals and debates on the possibility to bring it back. To counter this, a broad political and general awareness is needed, and the World Day is an excellent occasion to take additional efforts in this respect.
The 2022 and 2023 World Day Against the Death Penalty have been dedicated to reflecting on the relationship between the use of the death penalty and cruel, inhuman, and degrading treatment or punishment. The European Court of Human Rights was one of the first international institutions to recognise and develop that link in its case law, strengthening the abolitionist cause worldwide. In particular, the Court found that death row phenomenon contributes to the long-term psychological decline of a person’s health ; harsh death row living conditions contribute to physical deterioration ; mental anguish of anticipating execution.
All this is incompatible with the provisions of Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights which establishes the protection from torture or inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. The Court’s rulings ensured that the Council of Europe Member States should avoid extradition of individuals to countries where the death penalty could be applied.
The Council of Europe supports European and global initiatives aimed at the abolition of the death penalty worldwide.
Situation regarding abolition of the death penalty worldwide
Directorate General
Coordinator for the Abolition of the death penalty
