Artificial Intelligence Literacy for Democratic Societies
A Council of Europe Recommendation to develop a critical understanding of AI and its broader impact

Authors: Council of Europe Education Department

Recommendation CM/Rec(2026)12 of the Committee of Ministers to member States on artificial intelligence literacy
(Adopted by the Committee of Ministers on 2 September 2026 at the 1567th meeting of the Ministers' Deputies)

Adopted by the Committee of Ministers during its 1567th meeting in Monaco, the recommendation places education at the centre of Europe's response to AI. It gives concrete effect to Article 20 of the Framework Convention on artificial intelligence and human rights, democracy and the rule of law,...

Artificial Intelligence and Education
Ensuring quality education in the AI era – Introducing the Council of Europe Compass for AI and education - 3rd Working Conference

On 8 and 9 October 2025, the Council of Europe held the 3rd working conference on artificial intelligence (AI) and education, entitled “Ensuring quality education in the AI era – Introducing the Council of Europe Compass for AI and education”. Bringing together policy makers, educators,...

Authors: Council of Europe Education Department

Education Information Notes Series
Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Critical View Through the Lens of Human Rights, Democracy, and the Rule of Law

Authors: Council of Europe Education Department

Education Information Notes Series
AI Literacy for Human Rights, Democracy And Social Agency: A three-dimensional AI literacy framework

Authors: Council of Europe Education Department

Regulating the use of Artificial Intelligence Systems in Education
Preparatory study on the development of a legal instrument

The Council of Europe’s preparatory study on the development of a legal instrument on regulating artificialn intelligence (AI) systems in education addresses the growing intersection of AI technologies and educational practices. As AI tools become increasingly prevalent in classrooms, this study...

Authors: Havinga, Beth Holmes, Wayne Persson Jen

The State of Artificial Intelligence and Education Across Europe
The results of a survey of Council of Europe member states

This report presents the findings of a comprehensive survey conducted by the Council of Europe examining the state of artificial intelligence (AI) and education across its member states. The report explores the existing policies, strategies and practices governing the use of AI in educational...

Authors: Chounta, Irene-Angelica et al.

Artificial Intelligence and Education
Regulating the use of AI systems in education - 2nd Working Conference Report

On 24 and 25 October 2024, the Council of Europe held a two-day working conference to advance ongoing efforts to regulate the use of artificial intelligence (AI) systems in education. Bringing together policy makers, experts, educators and students, the event examined legal and pedagogical...

Authors: Council of Europe Education Department

Regulating artificial intelligence in the education domain: a general approach

While many proposals exist on how to regulate and govern artificial intelligence (AI), very few address education and human development. This paper argues that the education domain poses special challenges for AI regulation and that all regulatory frameworks for AI should be grounded on...

Authors: Tuomi, Ilkka

Towards a European review framework for AI EdTech systems

To address the challenges of trust, transparency and evidence-based decision making in AIED, an internationally recognised, independent review framework is essential. This framework would safeguard human rights and well-being in educational settings, guiding the certification, implementation and...

Authors: Havinga, Beth

EduTalks@Council of Europe: Data Protection and the Right to Privacy in Education and in The Face of AI on Vimeo

This EduTalk aimed to contribute to the Council’s work with identifying and addressing risks created by new technologies, in particular AI, being deployed in education settings. The invited speakers elaborated on their experiences with and approaches to tackling privacy and data protection...

EduTalks@Council of Europe – Artificial Intelligence and Academic Integrity

Artificial Intelligence and Education: A Critical View Through the Lens of Human Rights, Democracy, and the Rule of Law
Session 2

Artificial Intelligence and Education: A Critical View Through the Lens of Human Rights, Democracy, and the Rule of Law
Session 4

Artificial Intelligence and Education: A Critical View Through the Lens of Human Rights, Democracy, and the Rule of Law
Session 3

Artificial Intelligence and Education: A Critical View Through the Lens of Human Rights, Democracy, and the Rule of Law
Session 2

Artificial Intelligence and Education: A Critical View Through the Lens of Human Rights, Democracy, and the Rule of Law
Session 3

Artificial Intelligence and Education: A Critical View Through the Lens of Human Rights, Democracy, and the Rule of Law
Session 1

Artificial Intelligence and Education: A Critical View Through the Lens of Human Rights, Democracy, and the Rule of Law
Session 5

Artificial Intelligence and Education: A Critical View Through the Lens of Human Rights, Democracy, and the Rule of Law
Session 5