The 'Education and Culture of Democracy' project ECUD (2014-2016) proposed to study, using a human rights-based approach, the means to reinforce the action of higher education in favor of culture of democracy in the European and Maghreb societies as an essential component of the quality of higher education.

The research focused on three aspects:

• Education and training on human rights;
• Research;
• Democratic functioning of the university.

Transparency, conceived as a right to adequate information that ensures quality education and effective participation in training, research and governance, has been a criterion for cross-cutting evaluation of all three aspects.